منابع مشابه
Defending the articles of confederation: A reply to Dougherty
This reply addresses the issues raised by Dougherty in response to my 1999 article in this journal. I also develop a new graphical model of the optimal collection rate under the Articles, where states made contributions, and contrast it to the revenue potential from direct taxation. I believe that despite Dougherty’s criticisms, my argument remains valid. While the Articles were not perfect in ...
متن کاملDougherty And
A Borel equivalence relation on a Polish space is countable if all of its equivalence classes are countable. Standard examples of countable Borel equivalence relations (on the space of subsets of the integers) that occur in recursion theory are: recursive isomorphism, Turing equivalence, arithmetic equivalence, etc. There is a canonical hierarchy of complexity of countable Borel equivalence rel...
متن کاملFast and frugal heuristics are plausible models of cognition: reply to Dougherty, Franco-Watkins, and Thomas (2008).
M. R. Dougherty, A. M. Franco-Watkins, and R. Thomas (2008) conjectured that fast and frugal heuristics need an automatic frequency counter for ordering cues. In fact, only a few heuristics order cues, and these orderings can arise from evolutionary, social, or individual learning, none of which requires automatic frequency counting. The idea that cue validities cannot be computed because memor...
متن کاملSinha-Dougherty approach to the fuzzification of set inclusion revisited
Inclusion for fuzzy sets was &rst introduced by Zadeh in his seminal 1965 paper. Since it was found that the de&nition of inclusion was not in the true spirit of fuzzy logic, various researchers have set out to de&ne alternative indicators of the inclusion of one fuzzy set into another. Among these alternatives, the indicator proposed by Sinha and Dougherty stands out as an intuitively appealin...
متن کاملMichael Engel
They imparted a value for individuals, the importance of humility, an enthusiasm for sharing knowledge, and an appreciation of history. Photo: Kellie K. Magill. fi eld, and poorer countries could also develop their own biotechnology approaches. This more democratic approach to agro-biotech could conceivably gain back some of the trust that giant companies like Monsanto and DuPont lost in the GM...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 1972
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/238228a0